So you want to start your own business. What sort?
Sole Trading
The simplest and most common way to set up in business on your own is to set up as a sole trader. You need to notify HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Tax is rarely simple, but if you are going to set up in business, being a sole trader is probably the most straightforward route for income tax, and it is relatively easy to set up and shut down. Financing it on your own can be difficult, and you are liable for everything if you get into debt, so your personal assets can be at risk.
Partnership
Partnerships can have full partners (who work in the business) or sleeping partners (no hanky panky, they just put in money and take a share of any profits). Working this way means that you can have more start-up money, more skills, and there is usually shared responsibility - if you are sick someone should be able to take over your work temporarily. The downside is that if the business fails and one partner runs off, the other partner has to pay all the creditors back on their own, although these days there is the option of a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) which could help reduce some of the risk.
Limited Company
These are the businesses with 'plc' and 'ltd' after their names. Setting one of these up means there is limited liability, so your personal assets can be separate from your business assets in most cases. You need at least one director in order to register the company. Then you have to provide the following details to the Registrar of Companies: your company name, registered office, shareholders, directors, and company secretary. It is more legally complicated than sole trading or partnership, taxation is different, and there is public access to accounts.
Cooperative
All workers in this set-up are entitled to a vote in decision-making, and profits are shared out equally. The amount of discussion in meetings often makes it difficult to have clear-cut plans or quick changes of direction, and group ideology may mean that the most financially rewarding options are not chosen.
Going Concern
Instead of starting a business by yourself, you can buy one that is already up and running. The assets, employees and customers are already in place, and a track record often makes it easier to raise finance. Don't believe everything the business seller and broker tell you, get all the facts checked independently, and make sure the business will pay you a living wage.
Franchise
This is where you buy the right to market a company's goods or services. A good franchise gives an instant market position, a well-known name, long-term support and a proven way of doing business. To check out a franchise opportunity, speak to franchisees in other areas about the business and the income - it may not match up with the figures you were originally quoted.